jQuery实现ajax调用WCF服务的方法介绍
2020-11-27
来源：汇意旅游网
本文实例讲述了jQuery实现ajax调用WCF服务的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
关于AJAX调用WCF服务分为跨域和不跨域两种方式，今天咱们先介绍下不跨域下的调用方法。DEMO是在VS2008写的.
经过测试与研究，发现AJAX调用WCF服务必须满足以下条件
1.wcf的通讯方式必须使用webHttpBinding
2.必须设置<endpointBehaviors>节点的值
3.服务的实现必须添加标记
[AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)]
4.方法前面必须添加如下标记
[WebInvoke(Method = "POST", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Bare, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
5.ajax方法中传递的参数名称必须和wcf服务中提供的参数方法名称一致
以下是本人写的代码，标记颜色的是需要注意的地方
服务器端配置文件代码
<system.serviceModel> <services> <service name="WcfServiceDemoOne.Service1" behaviorConfiguration="WcfServiceDemoOne.Service1Behavior"> <!-- Service Endpoints --> <endpoint address="" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="WcfServiceDemoOne.IService1" behaviorConfiguration="HttpBehavior"></endpoint> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/> <host> <baseAddresses> <add baseAddress="http://localhost:12079/Service1.svc"/> </baseAddresses> </host> </service> </services> <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="WcfServiceDemoOne.Service1Behavior"> <!-- 为避免泄漏元数据信息，请在部署前将以下值设置为 false 并删除上面的元数据终结点--> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/> <!-- 要接收故障异常详细信息以进行调试，请将以下值设置为 true。在部署前设置为 false 以避免泄漏异常信息--> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"/> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> <endpointBehaviors> <behavior name="HttpBehavior"> <webHttp/> </behavior> </endpointBehaviors> </behaviors> </system.serviceModel>
服务器端代码
[ServiceContract]
public interface IService1
{
[OperationContract]
string GetData(int value);
[OperationContract]
City GetDataUsingDataContract(City composite);
[OperationContract]
List<City> GetList();
[OperationContract]
List<City> GetListData(List<City> list);
}
// 使用下面示例中说明的数据约定将复合类型添加到服务操作。
[DataContract]
public class City
{
int seq = 0;
string cityID;
string ctiyName;
[DataMember]
public string CityID
{
get
{
return cityID;
}
set
{
cityID=value;
}
}
[DataMember]
public string CityName
{
get { return ctiyName; }
set { ctiyName = value; }
}
[DataMember]
public int Seq
{
get
{ return seq; }
set
{ seq = value; }
}
}实现代码
[AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)]
public class Service1 : IService1
{
[WebInvoke(Method = "POST", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest, RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
public string GetData(int value)
{
return string.Format("You entered: {0}", value);
}
#region IService1 成员
[WebInvoke(Method = "POST", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Bare, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
public City GetDataUsingDataContract(City composite)
{
City c = new City();
c.CityID = composite.CityID;
c.CityName = composite.CityName;
c.Seq = composite.Seq;
return c;
}
[WebInvoke(Method = "POST", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Bare, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
public List<City> GetList()
{
List<City> list = new List<City>();
City cc = new City();
cc.CityID = "1";
cc.CityName="北京";
cc.Seq = 3;
list.Add(cc);
City cc1 = new City();
cc1.CityID = "2";
cc1.CityName = "上海";
cc1.Seq = 4;
list.Add(cc1);
return list;
}
[WebInvoke(Method = "POST", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Bare, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
public List<City> GetListData(List<City> list)
{
return list;
}
#endregion
}客户端调用代码
<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="WebForm1.aspx.cs" Inherits="WcfServiceDemoOne.WebForm1" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head runat="server">
<title></title>
<script src="jquery-1.7.1.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
//参数为整数的方法
function fn1()
{
$.ajax({
url: "http://localhost:12079/Service1.svc/GetData",
type: "POST",
contentType: "text/json",
data: '{"value":2}',
dataType: "json",
success: function(returnValue) {
alert(returnValue);
},
error: function() {
alert('error');
}
});
}
//参数为实体类的方法
function fn2() {
$.ajax({
url: "http://localhost:12079/Service1.svc/GetDataUsingDataContract",
type: "POST",
contentType: "application/json",
data: '{"CityID":1,"CityName":"北京","Seq":"3"}',
dataType: "json",
success: function(returnValue) {
alert(returnValue.CityID + ' ' + returnValue.CityName + "--" + returnValue.Seq);
},
error: function() {
alert('error');
}
});
}
//返回值为类集合的方法
function fn3() {
$.ajax({
url: "http://localhost:12079/Service1.svc/GetList",
type: "POST",
contentType: "application/json",
dataType: "json",
success: function(returnValue) {
for (var i = 0; i < returnValue.length; i++) {
alert(returnValue[i].CityID + ' ' + returnValue[i].CityName+'---'+returnValue[i].Seq);
}
},
error: function() {
alert('error');
}
});
}
function fn4() {
$.ajax({
url: "http://localhost:12079/Service1.svc/GetListData",
type: "POST",
contentType: "application/json",
data: '[{"CityID":1,"CityName":"北京","Seq":"3"},{"CityID":3,"CityName":"上海","Seq":"3"}]',
dataType: "json",
success: function(returnValue) {
for (var i = 0; i < returnValue.length; i++) {
alert(returnValue[i].CityID + ' ' + returnValue[i].CityName + '---' + returnValue[i].Seq);
}
},
error: function() {
alert('error');
}
});
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<p>
<input id="Button1" type="button" value="调用1" onclick="fn1();" /></p>
<input id="Button2" type="button" value="调用2" onclick="fn2();" />
<br />
<input id="Button3" type="button" value="调用3" onclick="fn3();" /></form>
<br />
<input id="Button4" type="button" value="调用4" onclick="fn4();"/>
</body>
</html>